Rotary valve.



A. ER MOURHEAU.

ROTARY VALVE? APPLICATION mi JULY 24,1916.

A. E'. MORHEAD.

ROTARY VALVE. A'PPuc/Tvxou man luLY 24.1916.

Patented Mar. 6, 1917.

3 SHEETS--SHEE 2 (Nvt/v rok A. s. Maan/imno A. E. MOORHEAD.

ROTARY VALVE. Y

APPUCATEON FILED IUL]l 24, IBIS.

Patented M3126, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3x UNI-TED STAWET OFFICE.

ALBERT E. MOQItIjIIE),l OE UKIAH, CALIFORNIA.

ROTARY VALVE.

misgaan.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALnEa'r E. MoonnnAn, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at. Ukiah, in the county ofMendocino and State ofCalifornia, have'invented new andalseful Improvements in Rotary Valves,of which theV following is a specification. i The present inventionrelates to improvements In rotary valves for "combustion engines, andthe object of theinvention is to provide a rotar valve which will permitof high speed, w ich will be comparatively -no1seless, which willeliminate undue frictional resistance, the portof which will not leak,which can expand freely, in which the surface heat will be reduced,which will be independently flexible, and 1n which a superiorfoilingsystem can be used. Y

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan viewof an internalcombustion engine equipped with my'improved valve, thev fj coverbeingremoved and some of the valves being shown 1n horizontal section; Fig. 2is-Y a broken bottom plan View of said cover; Fig. 3 is a brokenlongitudinal view of the 4engine; Fig. 4 4is a broken cross sectionalvview throughthe centers of the valves thereof; Fig. 5 is a similar viewthrough 'valve' couplings; F ig. (l is a View. similar to Fig. 3 showingmodifications of the invention; Fig. 7 is an end view of a modified formof valve; Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of the same; Fig. 9 is'atransverse section of the same; Fig. 10 is a side View of an endlsection of a valve; Fig. 11' is a face view thereof; Fig. l2 is a detailside view of a support for a handle; Fig. 13 is an -cnd view of thesame; Fig.` 14 is an end View lof, the same showing the handle inadifferent Fig. 13.-

Referring to the drawinghl indicates a casting comprising the walls o'fcylinders 2. 3 indicates a second casting comprising the tops 4 of said,cylinders, Walls 5 of water jackets and the under sides (l of valvecasings. -Copper gaskets l0 are interposed between the adjacent portionsof the castings l, 2 and 3. 7 indicates an upper casting comprisingwalls 8 of water jacketsand upper sides 9 of valve casings. Said valvecasings are spherical in form and in each valve casing is contained a`valve constructed in accordancewith my invention. .Y

The valve contains three, main parts, a

central partll and twoterminal parts 12. e y ,in the The central part 11is approximat Specication of Letters Patent.;

position from that in Patented Mar. e, lair."

Application-Meli July 24, 19161 Serial No. 110,919.V

of a'sphere from which two `segments 'have been cut o'l" along planesparallel'with! each other. The terminal parts 12 are approximately inthe form ofsaid segments; each segment having a cylindricalextension 13from its center, said cylindrical'extensionl terminatin head 414. Theadjacent globular heads of two adjacent valves are containedI in theends of a tube 16, having in its ends o enended longitudinal `slots 17throughwich i'n an enlargedv globular extend pins 18, which are'drivonAdiametrally through the globular heads 14'in the respective ends. Thepinsat opposite' ends of the tube are arranged at right angles with eachother, and hence, if a rotary motion,

imparted thereto, be communicated :from

.either head to the other head, each head will sthbe capable of turningfreely with* ref-,-

erence to the other head yinA a `plane throilgh the axis of the tube.

grooves 21, 22, forme in the. opposinglfa'es of the central andterininal lportions"ofthe' valve. It will readily be seen that *byImeans ,Y This rotary motion is communicatedgby ."-"I means of keys 19Alongitudinally. movablein of these keys, any rotary motionimparted lto.

a globular head will be communicated to 4the main or central portion ofthe valve, while at the same time the axes of'said main or centralportion need not be in exact alinement with each other.

Each-terminal portion and the extension therefrom are formed witha deeaxial 'recess 23 in which-is contained a celled spring '24compressedbetween the bottom of the recess and the key 19, and thereforepressing said key4 against the'bottom of the' groove'fin the centralportion of thevalvc and'press'in'g the segmental part of the terminal'ortion of the valve against the spherical va' ve cas-V ing, thus makinga tight trance to-said valve casing. I

4 The head of eachcylinder communicates by an axial passage 2G with atransverse pas'-` sage 27 leadin at its ends to two valve eham bers andwit i each end of the transverse v passage 27 can communicate a port 428formed transversely in thecentral part 11 of the valve insaid casi'ngandextendin'geny4 tirely therethrough oncof 'said valves serv ing as the-inletvalve andthe other as the'y i exhaust valve. Theports'28thro'uglrthereP spe'lctive valvesv communicate ori/"the outsidewith transversely extending po/rtsr29, 3l), re- I spectively in thetvalvewcasing', thelportf29 .handle 47.

v'of the sides -of the seat.

on one sideleading to the intake manifold and the port 30 on the otherside to the exf haast manifold..

with a companion screw gear 34, said screw.

gears 33 and lbeing mounted on shafts 35,

36, rotating in bearings 3i', 38, and having on their ends globularheads operatively connectedl with the valves in like manner as are theglobular heads of the extensions trom -the valves. lt will thusbe seenthat the two valvesffor each cvlinder rotatein opposite directions, andeach valve makes one-half of a revolution with two completereciprocations ofthe piston in the cylii-ider, so that each end of theport 28- in each valve'is alternately the inletend and the outlet end.

Fig. 4 of thedrawings shows companion valves in the position in whichthe intake valve is full o iened, and the piston is about.

in the midd ofits downwardstroke drawing in gas 'from the carbureter.The coin- )ression of the gas and the explosion period th, take placebefore the, exhaust port of the other valve is open to ,the exhaustoutlet.

For cooling the exhaust valve, I may pro-l vide anadjustable valve 41lfor admitting- `water from the water 'jacket to the interior of saidvalve. SaidV valve 4l fits in a conical seat42 in, the exhaust valvecasing, and

'has a stem 43 extendin through a -t'hreaded plug 44 andsurroun edby a.spring 45 bearing and the head of the valve 41.

i's yscrewed into a transversely extending lA set 'screw 48 isv providedto see-I lref-tlie handle wherever adjusted. A sheet 'metalseat ll) is'provided between the handle-and the head of the threaded plug 44, said`seat having its sides bent upwardly, as shown at 51j, -the edges ot'aidsides being concave, as shown at 52, to

i 'lo vary receive said handle.

escapes troni the through which the water water jacket vintotheinteriorfot' thel exhaust .vlilie, the handle is screwed 'around thethreaded `stein to the 'proper distance and is then caused to rest inthe concave portions` small amount ol water is then admitted to .theinterior ot' the vexhaust valve with each halt revolution of said valve,and, when the exhaust valve is. open to the cylinder and the'exhaustport 30, said water is immediately thrown out through said' port 30.

ln the modification of the invention shown in l*`igs..8 and l), arectangular metal casing,

. the` space. between which and-'the outer wall of. the valve is filledwith asbestosor other ved to the motionot' the -cal and always closingon 'l`lie leakage common in me- 105- tlie opening" valve mav be `nisin.

insulating material, forms the wall of the port 28.

The chambers 53 extendin longitudinally between adjacent globular va vecasings and containing the extensions 13. and heads 14 70 and tubes 16surrounding the same, is filled@ with oil, and said extensions areformedi with `small openings 5l leadin from saidi chambers to therecesses 23, so tiat oil pene-` trates also the spaces 'between thecentral75 and terminal portions of the valves'.

Tt will be seen that the central portions` of'l the valves -need not fittightly on both sides against the valve easing, provided that;`bothsides` near the ends ot' the port 28, ar of thesame diameter as thevalve casing, foi; the` pressure of' the gases in the c vlinders willpress their outlet sides against the correspondingpoiztions of the valvecasing, and thus make a tight joint at their outlet -sidesl floating.Taking the frctional resistance of a disk as 100. that ot' a -roundshaft-as'O,

and that .ofa sphereas 30, when-two `niotions at` right angles to eachother are addspherical valve,v as in the present ease` the frietionalresistance will he 50"; less thanthat of its original 4 single motion.This `then results in. arv fricl 1 tional resistance of about 15%7 whichis be? lieved to be the least possible. i The ports have no more chanceof leaking than a puppet valve or an)1 other type of valve; due to thetact that they are splieri a perfect and selfground seat. ehanieal valveacross and iliider the near side ot' the valve caused b v the pressure,either from within or from without, is elinii-v nated in this case b vthe provision ot' spheriral end walls and b v the fact that the 11'0-splieriral' valve is divided .into three parts so separated thal theends. by a slight spring pressure, are t'oreed tothe spherieall endwalls ot' the casingfand sopreventthe leaka`ge which has been socommonin all other meiil' ehaliieal valves. llt is obvious from theconstruction that 1 the valve is t'ree to expand in :ill directions.Him-e the inner and outer surtaees of the parked with asbestos or any1:20l otl'ier iion-conductor, the heatgot' the we'ar ing surfaces isgreatly reduced.

Since each valve is iiu'lependentlyflexible, warping or strains due to-reheating cannot be effective in this full floating valve ineeha- Sincethe oiling' is 'accomplished by pi'oviding oil pits at lthe ends hf eachvalve, the valve stems and the flexible universal joints are operatingwithin a bath, of ioil.

ngiaaae By the provision of an oil hole leading tov the {space-betweenthe full floating 'port member and the expansion vend members, oil isthrown from this space by centrifugal force to the outer walls aroundthe central port member, and is regulated by a pressure sufficient tomaintain a 'film oi'poi, While preventing flooding. And in view of thefact that the frictional lresistance has been reduced to the leastpossible, the oiling becomes of much less consideration. As thefrictional resistance decreases, the amount of oil naturally decreasesin direct proportion.

, Practical experience proves thatall rotary movements cause even wear,regardless of Whether or not the ressure may be exerted at one or moredesignated points throughout its cycle of rotation. This is illustratedby the case of a cross head pin and a crank Vpin of areciprocating'engine. The cross head pin, due to its reciprocatingmotion, wears unevenly directly in line with the pressures exerted, andAit therefore becomes necessary in the course of time to file the pin atthe top and bottom, or at right an gles to the pressure exerted, as thispin eventually becomes oblong. The crank pin, due to its rotary motion,maintains throughout the life of the engine its rounded condi-- f tion,regardless of'the fact that the pressures exerted are not uniform.

,Undoubtedly a sphere 'rotating Within a lcasing, and 'with a slightoscillation, will maintain its true spherical shape and be self-grindingthroughout the life of any gas engine in which it is used, as, by reasonof their larger diameters and higher speeds' and greater heat in thepiston, the piston and crank shafts are more subject to short lifethanthe valve Vof small diameter and lr speed slower than that of the crankshaft in the proportion of 1 to 4.

I claim z- 1. In combination with a globular casing,

a rotary valve comprisliig a 'central section having'a porttherethrough, and a terminal section operatively connected torotate-together, the central section bein approxiL mately in the' formof a sphere rom 'which a segment has been cut ofi at opposite sides4andv the terminal section being in theforrn of said segment, and meansfor pressing the terminal section from the central section.

2, In combination witha globular casing, a rotary valve comprisingacentral section having a port therethrough, and a terminal sectionoperatively connected to rotate together, the central section beinapproximately in the form of a sphere rom which Aa segment hasbeen cutoil at opposite sides and the terminal section being in the form ofsaidse ment,`andV compressed springs interposed'` etween the central andterminal `mately in the form of a s here i a segment hasbeen cut o atopposite sldes 130 from the centralsectlon..

3. In combination with a globular casing,

a rotary valve comprising av central section having a port therethrough,Aanda terminal section operati'yely connected to.rotate to-f" gether,the, central sectiombein approximately in the Aforni of a sphere omwhich a segment has been cut off atopposite sides and the terminalsection being in the form of said segment, means for pressing theterminal section from the central section, the terminal section havingan extension with a rounded head, a loose joint for connecting saidhead. with avrotary device to impart rotary motion to the terminalsection, and means whjerebythe rotation of the termina-l section rotatesthe main section.

4. In combination with a globular casing, a rotary valve comprising acentral section having a port therethrough, and a terminalsection-operatively connected to rotate together, the central sectionbein approximately inthe form of a sphere om which a segment has beencutl olf at opposite sides and the terminal section-'being in the formof said segment, means lfor pressing the terminal section from thecentral section, the terminal section having an extension with a roundedhead,` a loose` joint for connecting said head with a rotary device toimpart rotary motion to the terminal section, the Y faces ofsaidterminal and the main section having registering grooves, and a keyin said grooves. v

5. In combination with a globular casing, a rotary valve comprising a4central section having a port therethrough, and a terminalI 'terminalsection having an extension with a rounded' head, 'a loose joint forconnecting said heiid with a rotary device to impart rotary motion tothe terminal section, the faceshf. said terminal 'and the mainsectionhaving registering grooves, and a key in` said grooves, said terminalsections having a recessl openin from its face'opposite to the centralsectlon, a compressed'spring in said recess, the terminal'andmainsections havin registering grooves, a key in said grooves, said springpressing against said ke g. In combination with a globular casing, arota'ry valve comprising a central section having a porttherethrough,.and a terminal section operatively connected to rotatetogether, t e. central section bem approxiom which ancl the terminalsection being in the -form section having registering grooves, and a of,said segment, means for pressing the key in said grooves, said terminalsections-rr vterminal section from the central section, `having anetension with a rounded head, a. the termin section having an extension'-tube arou'nd said head havin slots openwith` a roun ed 'head a loosejoint for con; ing in its end adjacent to sai central secnectng said.'head wlth a rotary device to tion, and a pin throu h said'rounded headimpart rotary motion tothe terminal sechaving its ends in sai slots.

tion, the faces of said terminal and the main ALBERT MOGRHEAD.

